Bellur Krishnamachar Sundararaja Iyengar, popularly known as B.K.S. Iyengar, was one of the most influential yoga teachers of the 20th century. He revolutionized yoga practice through his emphasis on precision, alignment, and the therapeutic benefits of asana practice. Born on December 14, 1918, in Bellur, Karnataka, India, Iyengar's teachings have inspired millions of practitioners worldwide, making yoga accessible to people of all ages and abilities.
Early Life and Struggles
B.K.S. Iyengar had a frail childhood, frequently suffering from illnesses such as malaria, tuberculosis, and typhoid. His health struggles led him to explore yoga as a means of recovery. At the age of 15, he was introduced to yoga by his brother-in-law and guru, Tirumalai Krishnamacharya, in Mysore. Despite a challenging start, Iyengar's determination and rigorous practice transformed his physical and mental well-being.
The Evolution of Iyengar Yoga
Over the years, Iyengar developed his unique style of yoga, which later became known as Iyengar Yoga. This style is characterized by:
- Precision and Alignment: Ensuring each posture is performed with exactness to maximize its benefits.
- Use of Props: Introducing yoga props such as belts, blocks, and bolsters to help students of all levels achieve correct alignment.
- Therapeutic Approach: Adapting yoga to help people with medical conditions and physical limitations.
- Breath Control (Pranayama): Integrating breath awareness to deepen the practice and enhance mindfulness.
Global Influence and Legacy
B.K.S. Iyengar's dedication to spreading yoga globally led him to teach in various countries. His 1966 book, “Light on Yoga”, became an international bestseller and is still considered a definitive guide for yoga practitioners worldwide. He also authored several other influential books, including “Light on Pranayama” and “Light on the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali”.
Through his work, Iyengar popularized yoga in the West and played a key role in its recognition as a holistic practice for physical, mental, and spiritual well-being. His students included renowned personalities such as Yehudi Menuhin and J. Krishnamurti, who further contributed to yoga’s global acceptance.
The Iyengar Yoga Institute
In 1975, B.K.S. Iyengar established the Ramamani Iyengar Memorial Yoga Institute (RIMYI) in Pune, named in honor of his late wife. The institute became a global center for Iyengar Yoga, attracting students from all over the world. Today, the Iyengar method continues to be practiced and taught in over 70 countries.
Philosophy and Teachings
Iyengar’s teachings were deeply rooted in the eight limbs of yoga as described by Patanjali. He emphasized that yoga was not just physical exercise but a path to self-awareness and inner peace. He encouraged disciplined practice, self-inquiry, and dedication to continuous learning.
Awards and Recognition
For his contributions to yoga, B.K.S. Iyengar received numerous honors, including:
- Padma Shri (1991)
- Padma Bhushan (2002)
- Padma Vibhushan (2014)
A Lasting Legacy
B.K.S. Iyengar passed away on August 20, 2014, at the age of 95, leaving behind a profound legacy that continues to inspire generations of yoga practitioners. His disciplined approach, innovative teaching methods, and commitment to making yoga accessible to all have ensured that Iyengar Yoga remains a respected and widely practiced tradition worldwide.
His famous quote, “Yoga does not just change the way we see things, it transforms the person who sees,” encapsulates the essence of his teachings, guiding millions on their path to self-discovery through yoga.
